POLS 538: Judicial Process and Policy-Making

Fall 2005

 

Faner Hall 3075

Tuesday, 3:30 – 6:00 p.m.

 

Professor: Scott Comparato                                                                                                                                   Phone: 453-3193

Office: Faner 3165                                                                                                                                                   Email: scompara@siu.edu 

Office Hours: TR 8:00 – 10:00 a.m.                                                                                                                      Home Page: www.siu.edu/~scompara

                       

Course Description/Purpose

 

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the field of judicial process and policy-making.  Rather than focusing on judicial decision making, this course is more broadly constructed to include research on the stages of the legal process and the various actors in the system.  We will devote a substantial amount of attention on understanding the institutional structure of the American court system, including state trial and appellate courts, as well as district and circuit courts at the federal level, in addition to the Supreme Court.  Substantial attention will be given to the actors most heavily involved in the system such as litigants, lawyers, and interest groups.  The course also includes content on the impact of judicial decisions and the role of courts in the policy-making process. 

 

Aside from the substantive content of the course, my goals are to: (1) introduce graduate students to the literature in judicial process and policy-making and, in so doing, discuss some of the most important debates (both past and present) in the sub-field; and (2) underscore the importance of sound theoretical arguments, careful research designs, and compelling empirical results.  We will focus on the scientific study of the judiciary, analyzing the substantive, theoretical, and methodological developments in the field. 

 

Required Reading/Texts

 

Most of the readings for this course will come from political science journals and law reviews.  The majority of these articles can be downloaded from the Internet at www.jstor.org.  Those that are not available on JSTOR will be placed in the POLS 530 mailbox in the main office mailroom, by the Wednesday prior to our next class meeting.  Please copy and return them as quickly as possible so that others will have access to them as well. 

 

There is one required book for the course listed below.  I do reserve the right to make changes to the readings throughout the semester, and there may be additional books required.  I will provide you adequate notice of any changes in the reading schedule, or if any additional texts are required.

 

Rosenberg, Gerald.  1991.  The Hollow Hope: Can Courts Bring About Social Change?  Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

 

I do not assume prior knowledge of the judicial process, though it is certainly helpful.  For those who are unfamiliar with the basic operations of the courts may wish to consult sources on the subject. Some of the following texts may be helpful to you: Walker and Epstein's The Supreme Court of the United States: An Introduction or Lawrence Baum's The Supreme Court for general information on the Supreme Court.  For information on lower courts, I suggest Judicial Process in America, 5th ed., by Robert Carp and Ronald Stidham, or Lawrence Baum’s American Courts, 4th ed.  Students seeking to conduct dissertation work in the field of law and courts should consider purchasing The Supreme Court Compendium, 3rd ed. (2003)  by Lee Epstein, et. al.  It contains valuable data and information on the Supreme Court and its environment.  At some point in the semester, we will spend some time discussing other sources from which you can obtain data on the courts, including the ICPSR, and directly from other scholars in the field.

 

Grades

 

Your grades will be based on seminar participation (20%), a critical analysis paper (20%), weekly analysis papers (20%), and a research paper (40%).  There will be no incompletes given in this class except in cases of emergency or where university policy applies.

 

Grading

 

Class Participation               100 points (20%)

Critical Analysis Paper        100 points (20%)

Weekly Analysis Papers      100 points (20%)

Research Paper                  200 points (40%)

Total                                  500 points

 

Grading Scale (Percentages)

 

      A   90 – 100

      B   80 – 89

      C   70 – 79

      D   60 – 69

      F    59 – Below

 
Course Requirements

 

Class Participation (20%)

 

I expect you to attend seminar meetings and to be prepared for each session.  By prepared, I mean that you should have read the assigned materials and considered how they complement and contrast each other.  Each week, one student will act as a discussion leader for the assigned readings.  I will always want to provide an introduction to the material for that week, and highlight some of the issues brought up in your analysis papers.  At that point, the discussion leader will take over.  As discussion leader, you are responsible for emphasizing key themes and bringing to light controversies, and posing questions to direct our discussion.  Each student will be responsible for leading discussion at least twice during the semester.  The actual number will be dictated by the number of students in the class, but you will not be required to lead discussion on two consecutive weeks.  You will meet with me the Monday preceding the class for which you will serve as the discussion leader to review the material and discuss your plans for that week. 

 

On the weeks that you are a discussion leader, you must submit no fewer than five discussion questions that will guide our discussion for that week.  These questions are to be placed in the 530 mailbox (and one copy in my mailbox) no later than 8:00 a.m. on the Monday before class.  All students should pick up those discussion questions and review them and prepare to engage the discussion leaders on those questions during class. 

 

You should also come to each class prepared to answer the following questions for each of the assigned readings:

 

            ·     What do you see as the major themes of the reading? 

            ·     What questions of clarification do you have?

            ·     What is the theoretical motivation of the author and into what larger theoretical perspective does it fall?          

            ·     What are the hypotheses offered by the author?

            ·     What data are used?  How are those data collected and analyzed?  What conclusions does the author draw from that analysis?

            ·     What does the reading contribute to our understanding of court structure, the various actors, or the role of the courts in the political system?

            ·     What criticisms do you have of the reading: Is there a theory?; Do the hypotheses follow from the theory?;  Are the data appropriate to answer the question posed or should alternative or supplementary data be collected?; Is the analysis of the data sound?; Do the conclusions follow from the theory and data?

 

The success of this class depends, in large part, on the regular and robust participation of students.  Failure to attend and participate consistently will have an adverse impact on the learning experience of everyone in the class.  If you must miss class for some reason, you may receive an excused absence if you contact the instructor in advance, although I reserve the right to decide what constitutes a reasonable excuse.  Each unexcused absence will result in a ten point reduction in your overall grade.

 

Critical Analysis  Paper (20%)

 

Each student will choose one of the topics on the syllabus for in-depth analysis.  I will assign a book or set of articles on that topic for you to read and write a critical analysis paper of approximately five pages.  The purpose of these papers is to help develop your ability to read and critique the work of other scholars.  In these papers, I expect you to address the theoretical motivation of the work, the data marshaled in support of the authors’ argument and the soundness of the conclusions.  The papers are due on the day that topic is scheduled for discussion in class.  All students must make their choices by September 7th, and I will not allow multiple students to write on the same topic, so choose early.

 

Weekly Analysis Papers (20%)

 

Each week, you are responsible for writing a one page, single-spaced, analysis paper focusing on the issues and themes in the reading.  You should include questions, comments, and analysis that you have about the concepts, theory, and methods encountered in the reading.  These analysis papers will supplement the material that I intend to cover in class, and help to motivate our discussion.  These do not need to be polished products, but I want you to demonstrate that you are thinking critically about the work, the issues brought out by the authors, and the implications of the findings.  Papers are due by 8:00 a.m. every Monday morning, and should be emailed to everyone else in the class or hard copies placed in their mailboxes.

 

Research Paper (40%)

 

Each student is required to write a 15-20 page paper on a topic related to judicial process.  Your paper should take the form of an article length manuscript, suitable for publication in a political science, or similar social science journal.  I will provide you with more guidance on the proper style, format, and construction as the semester progresses, but generally your paper must contain the following sections:

 

·     Introduction:  This should include your primary question, or problem that you intend to address, and a discussion of the significance of this issue and why it is worthy of study.

·     Theory:  In this section you should develop the theoretical motivation for your work, and demonstrate considerable familiarity with the relevant literature on the topic.

·     Expectations/Hypotheses:  Here you should discuss the specific hypotheses derived from your theory and the model you plan to employ to test these hypotheses.

·     Measurement/Data:  Explain how you plan to evaluate whether you have answered the questions that you propose and the data sources you use to answer those questions.

·     Analysis/Results:  Explain your results in detail, tying them back into your theory, and clearly discuss how they support (or do not support) your hypotheses.

·     Conclusion:  In this section, you should summarize your findings, how you have contributed to our current understanding of the issue, as well as speculating on future directions of research in this area.

 

Much of the material that we will cover in this class will make use of advanced formal and statistical methods.  You should not feel that writing an empirically driven paper requires you to employ such methods, but you should make use of the multitude of data sources that are available (or collect your own) in completing your paper.  As soon as possible, look through the syllabus and begin identifying topics that might be of interest to you.  You must identify a topic and clear it with me by the fourth week of class so that you have enough time to identify the relevant literature, obtain and analyze the data, and write the paper.

 

You will present the results of your research as part of the department-wide graduate student research symposium.  The symposium is scheduled for  December 12th, from 8:00 – 10:00 a.m. (though that date and time may change), and you will present your research in poster format and be available to discuss your findings and answer questions.

 

Course Web Page

 

This course will be managed using WebCT.  You will have access to all course information, including the syllabus, course schedule, reading assignments, resources for your papers, discussion boards, and an email system to contact me or other students in the class.  I will regularly post messages regarding the reading, schedule, assignments, and grades to the course page.  Therefore, you should make a habit of checking the course page on a daily basis to keep up with reading assignments and other course related announcements.  There are numerous computer labs on campus, so access to WebCT should not be a problem for anyone.  You may also access information related to the course from my web page (www.siu.edu/~scompara/POLS538.html).  Detailed instructions to assist you in creating a WebCT account can be found on that page. 

 

Academic Integrity

 

To paraphrase the immortal George Clinton: “Don’t fake the funk.”  Put simply, you are responsible for your own work.  It is considered cheating to submit someone else’s work as your own.  Using information from another source (book, article, internet site, another student, etc.) without properly crediting the author is plagiarism.  Direct quotations, paraphrased information, and the general use of another person’s idea must be properly referenced in your work.  During exams, you are not allowed external aids (notes, books, etc.).  The penalty for violations such as plagiarism, cheating, or other misconduct will result in a failing grade in the course, and may result in a formal charge of misconduct as outlined in the University Student Conduct Code, possibly leading to further sanctions, including suspension or expulsion from the graduate program and the University.  As graduate students, you are expected to conduct yourselves in a professional manner, and failure to follow these guidelines

 

Specific actions (though not exhaustive) that constitute academic misconduct:

      ·     Unauthorized group work

      ·     Submitting work from other courses without authorization

      ·     Representing the work, writing, or ideas of another person as your own

 

If you have any questions about what constitutes cheating and plagiarism, contact the Southern Illinois University office of Academic Advising, or view the Policies and Procedures of the University.

 

Disabilities

 

Students with disabilities who require individualized testing or other accommodations should identify themselves to me immediately.  Every effort will be made to accommodate your needs.  Disabilities Support Services can assist you with testing, note-taking, and accessibility issues.

 

Contacting Me

 

You are always welcome to stop by my office during office hours to discuss questions/issues related to the course or other academic matters.  I am happy to make appointments outside of my office hours if you are unable to stop by during those times.  You may also contact me by phone or email via WebCT. 

 

Course Outline/Readings[1]

 

I.  Lawyers (August 30th)

 

Required Reading

  

Nelson, Robert, and John P. Heinz.  1988.  Lawyers and the Structure of Influence in Washington.  Law & Society Review 22:237-300.

McGuire, Kevin T.  1993.  Lawyers in the U. S. Supreme Court:  The Washington Community and Legal Elites.  American Journal of Political Science 37:365-390.

McGuire, Kevin T.  1995.  Repeat Players in the Supreme Court: The Role of Experienced Lawyers in Litigation Success.  Journal of Politics 57:187-196.

Kevin T. McGuire, "Explaining Executive Success in the U.S. Supreme Court," Political Research Quarterly 51 (June 1998), 505-26.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Abel, Robert.  1991.  American Lawyers.  New York:  Oxford University Press.

Epstein, Cynthia.  1981.  Women in Law.  New York:  Basic Books.

Galanter, Marc, and Thomas Palay.  1991.  Tournament of Lawyers:  The Transformation of the Big Law Firm.  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press.

Gilboy, Janet.  1981.  The Social of Organization of Legal Services to Indigent Defendants.  American Bar Foundation Research Journal 1981:1023-48.

Hagan, John, and Fiona Kay.  1995.  Gender in Practice: A Study of Lawyers’ Lives.

Heinz, John P., and Edward O. Laumann, with Robert Nelson and Paul S. Schnorr.  1997.  The Constituencies of Urban Elite Lawyers.  Law & Society Review 31:441-472.

Heinz, John P., and Edward O. Laumann.  1978.  The Legal Profession: Client Interests, Professional Roles, and Social Hierarchies.  Michigan Law Review 76:1111-1142.

Heinz, John P., and Edward O. Laumann.  1982.  Chicago Lawyers:  The Social Structure of the Bar.  New York:  Russell Sage Foundation.

Kessler, Mark.  1987.  Legal Services for the Poor:  A Comparative and Contemporary Analysis of Interorganizational Politics.  Westport, CT: Green­wood.

Landon, Donald D.  1988.  LaSalle Street and Main Street:  The Role of Context in Structuring Law Practice.  Law & Society Review 22:213-236.

Lawrence, Susan E.  1990.  The Poor in Court: The Legal Services and Supreme Court Decision Making.  Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Macauley, Stewart.  1979.  Lawyers and Consumer Protection Laws.  Law & Society Review 14:115-171.

McGuire, Kevin T.  1993.  The Supreme Court Bar: Legal Elites in the Washington Community.  Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia.

Monsma, Karl, and Richard Lempert.  1992.  The Value of Counsel:  20 Years of Representation Before a Public Housing Eviction Board. Law & Society Review 26:627-668 (1992).

Nelson, Robert L.  1988.  Partners With Power: The Social Transformation of the Large Law Firm.

Nelson, Robert, and John P. Heinz.  1988.  Lawyers and the Structure of Influence in Washington.  Law & Society Review 22:237-300.

Nelson, Robert L., John P. Heinz, Edward Laumann, and Robert H. Salisbury.  1987.  Private Representation in Washington: Surveying the Structure of Influence.  American Bar Foundation Research Journal 1987:141-202.

Sarat, Austin, and William Felstiner.  1986.  Law and Strategy in the Divorce Lawyer's Office.  Law & Society Review 20:93-134.

 

II.  The Decision to Litigate (September 6th)

 

Required Reading:

 

McIntosh, Wayne.  1983.  “Private Use of a Public Forum: A Long Range View of the Dispute Processing Role of the Courts.”  American Political Science Review 77:991-1010.

Priest, George, and Benjamin Klein.  1984.  The Selection of Disputes for Litigation. Journal of Legal Studies 13:1-55.

Galanter, Marc.  1983.  Reading the Landscape of Disputes:  What We Know and Don't Know (and Think We Know) About Our Allegedly Contentious and Litigious Society.  UCLA Law Review 31:4-71.

Galanter, Marc. 1974. “Why the Haves Come Out Ahead: Speculation on the Limits of Social Change.” Law and Society Review 9:95-l 60.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Baird, Douglas C., Robert H. Gertner, and Randal C. Picker.  1994.  Game Theory and the Law.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Che, Yeon-Koo, and Jong Goo Yi. 1993. “The Role of Precedents in Repeated Litigation.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 9(2):399-424.

Ellickson, Robert C.  1991.  Order Without Law:  How Neighbors Settle Disputes.  Cambridge:  Harvard University Press.

Friedman, Lawrence M., and Robert V. Percival.  1976.  A Tale of Two Courts: Litigation in Alameda and San Benito Counties.  Law & Society Review10:267-301.

Galanter, Marc.  1974.  Why the `Haves' Come Out Ahead:  Speculations on the Limits of Legal Change.  Law & Society Review 9:95-160.

Giles, Michael, and Thomas D. Lancaster.  1989.  Political Transition, Social Development, and Legal Mobilization.  American Political Science Review 83:817-834.

Jacob, Herbert.  1989.  Another Look at No-Fault Divorce and the Post-Divorce Finances of Women.  Law & Society Review 23:95-116.

Jacob, Herbert.  1992.  “The Elusive Shadow of the Law.”  Law and Society Review 26(): 565-590.

Kagan, Robert A.  1984.  The Routinization of Debt Collection:  An Essay on Social Change and Conflict in the Courts.  Law & Society Review 18:323-371.

Kritzer, Herbert.  1990.  Let's Make a Deal:  Understanding the Negotiation Process in Ordinary Litigation.  Madison:  University of Wisconsin Press.

Kritzer, Herbert.  1990.  The Justice Broker:  Lawyers and Ordinary Litigation.  New York:  Oxford University Press.

Kritzer, Herbert. 1986. “Adjudication to Settlement: Shading in the Gray.” Judicature 70:160- 165.

Kritzer, Herbert. 1991. Let’s Make a Deal. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Macauley, Stewart.  1963.  Non-Contractual Relations in Business:  A Preliminary Study. American Sociological Review 28:55-67.

McIntosh, Wayne, "Courts and Socioeconomic Change," in John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts (1990), 281-303.

McIntosh, Wayne.  1983.  Private Use of a Public Forum:  A Long Range View of the Dispute Processing Role of Courts.  American Political Science Review 77:991-1010.

Miller, Richard E., and Austin Sarat.  1980-1981.  Grievances, Claims, and Disputes: Assessing the Adversary Culture.  Law & Society Review 15:525-565.

Nardulli, Peter F., Roy B. Flemming, and James Eisenstein.  1984.  “Unraveling the Complexities of Decision Making in Face-to-Face Groups: A Contextual Analysis of Plea-Bargained Sentences.”  American Political Science Review 78(December): 912-928.

Posner, Richard.  1985.  The Federal Courts:  Crisis and Reform.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Priest, George L., and Benjamin Klein. 1984. “The Selection of Disputes for Litigation.” Journal of Legal Studies 13(January):1-55.

Priest, George. 1980. “Selective Characteristics of Litigation.” Journal of Legal Studies 9:399-427. 

Sarat, Austin, and Joel B. Grossman.  1975.  Courts and Conflict Resolution: Problems in the Mobilization of Adjudica­tion.  American Political Science Review 69:1200-17.

Sheehan, Reginald S., William Mishler, and Donald R. Songer.  1992.  “Ideology, Status, and the Differential Success of Direct Parties before the Supreme Court.”  American Political Science Review 86:464-471.

Wanner, Craig.  1975.  The Public Ordering of Private Relations.  Law & Society Review 8:421-440; 9:293-306.

 

III.  Interest Groups in Litigation (September 13th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Olson, Susan M.  1990.  Interest Group Litigation in Federal District Court:  Beyond the Political Disadvantage Theory.  Journal of Politics 52:854-882.

Scheppele, Kim, and Jack L. Walker.  1991.  “The Litigation Strategies of Interest Groups.”  In Jack L. Walker, Mobilizing Interest Groups in America.  Ann Arbor:  University of Michigan Press.  Pp. 157-184.

McGuire, Kevin T.  1994.  Amici Curiae and Strategies for Gaining Access to the Supreme Court.  Political Research Quarterly 47:821-838.

Spriggs, James II, and Paul Wahlbeck.  1997.  Amici Curiae and the Role of Information in the Supreme Court.  Political Research Quarterly 50:365-386.

McGuire, Kevin T., and Gregory A. Caldeira.  1993.  Lawyers, Organized Interests, and the Law of Obscenity: Agenda Setting in the Supreme Court.  American Political Science Review 87:717-226.

Songer, Donald R., and Ashlyn Kuersten.  1995.  The Success of Amici in State Supreme Courts.  Political Research Quarterly 48:31-42.

Stewart, Joseph, Jr., and James F. Sheffield, Jr.  1987.  Does Interest Group Litigation Matter? The Case of Black Political Mobilization in Mississippi. Journal of Politics 49:780-798

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Susan M. Olson, "Interest Group Litigation in Federal District Court: Beyond the Political Disadvantage Theory," Journal of Politics 52 (August 1990), 854-82.     

Gregory A. Caldeira and John R. Wright, "Amici Curiae Before the Supreme Court: Who Participates, When, and How Much?" Journal of Politics 52 (August 1990), 782-806.

Lee Epstein and C. K. Rowland, "Debunking the Myth of Interest Group Invincibility in the Courts," American Political Science Review 85 (March 1991), 205-17.

Donald R. Songer and Ashlyn Kuersten, "The Success of Amici in State Supreme Courts," Political Research Quarterly 48 (March 1995), 31-42.

James F. Spriggs, II, and Paul J. Wahlbeck, "Amicus Curiae and the Role of Information at the Supreme Court," Political Research Quarterly 50 (June 1997), 365-86.

Joseph Stewart, Jr., and James F. Sheffield, Jr., "Does Interest Group Litigation Matter?: The Case of Black Political Mobilization in Mississippi," Journal of Politics 49 (August 1987), 780-98.

Gregory A. Caldeira and John R. Wright, "Amici Curiae Before the Supreme Court: Who Participates, When, and How Much?" Journal of Politics 52 (August 1990), 782-806.

Lee Epstein, "Interest Group Litigation During the Rehnquist Court Era," Journal of Law & Politics 9 (Summer 1993), 639-717.

Joseph D. Kearney and Thomas W. Merrill, "The Influence of Amicus Curiae Briefs on the Supreme Court," University of Pennsylvania Law Review 148 (January 2000).

Lynn Mather, "Theorizing About Trial Courts: Lawyers, Policymaking, and Tobacco Litigation," Law & Social Inquiry 23 (Fall 1998), 897-940.

Donald R. Songer and Reginald S. Sheehan, "Interest Group Success in the Courts: Amicus Participation in the Supreme Court," Political Research Quarterly 46 (June 1993), 339-54.

Lee Epstein, Conservatives in Court (1985).

Lee Epstein and Joseph F. Kobylka, The Supreme Court and Legal Change: Abortion and the Death Penalty (1992).

Jack Greenberg, Crusaders in the Courts: How a Dedicated Band of Lawyers Fought for the Civil Rights Revolution (1994).

Joseph F. Kobylka, The Politics of Obscenity: Group Litigation in a Time of Legal Change (1991).

Susan Lawrence, The Poor in Court: The Legal Services Program and Supreme Court Decision Making (1990).

Karen O'Connor, Women's Organizations' Use of the Courts (1980).

Frank J. Sorauf, The Wall of Separation: The Constitutional Politics of Church and State (1976).

Mark V. Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court. 1936-1961(1994).

Clement E. Vose, Constitutional Change (1972).

Stephen L. Wasby, Race Relations Litigation in an Age of Complexity (1995).

 

IV.  Winners and Losers (September 20th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Robert A. Dahl, "Decision-Making in a Democracy: The Supreme Court as a National Policy Maker," Journal of Public Law 6 (Fall 1957), 279-95.

Jonathan Casper, "The Supreme Court and National Policy-Making," American Political Science Review 70 (March 1976), 50-73.

Galanter, Marc.  1974.  Why the “Haves” Come Out Ahead: Speculations on the Limits of Legal Change.  Law & Society Review 9:95-160.

Wheeler, Stanton, Bliss Cartwright, Robert A. Kagan, and Lawrence M. Friedman.  1987.  Do the “Haves” Come Out Ahead?  Winning and Losing in State Supreme Courts, 1870-1970.  Law & Society Review 21:403-445.

Sheehan, Reginald S., William Mishler, and Donald R. Songer.  1992.  Ideology, Status, and the Differential Success of Direct Parties Before the Supreme Court.  American Political Science Review 86:464-471.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Henry Steele Commager, "Judicial Review and Democracy," Virginia Quarterly Review 19 (Summer 1943), 417-428.

Charles R. Epp, The Rights Revolution: Lawyers. Activists, and Supreme Courts in Comparative Perspective (1998).

Russell Galloway, Justice for All? The Rich and Poor in Supreme Court History 1790-1990(1991).

Robert H. Jackson, The Struggle for Judicial Supremacy (1941).

Robert G. McCloskey, revised by Sanford Levinson, The American Supreme Court. 3rd ed. (2000).

Richard L. Pacelle Jr., The Evolution of the Supreme Court's Agenda From the New Deal to the Reagan Administration (1991).

L. A. Scot Powe, The Warren Court and American Politics (2000).

Glendon Schubert, The Constitutional Polity (1970).

Bernard Schwartz, ed. The Burger Court: Counter-Revolution or Confirmation? (1998).

Christopher E. Smith, Courts and the Poor (1991).

 

V.  Judicial Selection (September 27th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Baum, Lawrence.  1995.  Electing Judges.  In L. Epstein (ed.), Contemplating Courts. Washington:  CQ Press.  pp. 18-43.

Cameron, Charles, Albert Cover, and Jeffrey Segal.  1990.  Senate Voting on Supreme Court Nominees:  A Neoinstitutional Model.  American Political Science Review 84:513-524.

Segal, Jeffrey A., Charles M. Cameron, and Albert D. Cover.  1992.  A Spatial Model of Roll Call Voting:  Senators, Constituents, Presidents, and Interest Groups in Supreme Court Confirmations.  American Journal of Political Science 36:96-121.

Johnson, Timothy, and Jason Roberts.  2005.  “Pivotal Politics, Presidential Capital, and Supreme Court Nomination.”  Journal of Politics. 

Caldeira, Gregory A., and John R. Wright.  1998.  Lobbying for Justice:  Organized Interests, Supreme Court Nominations, and the United States Senate.  American Journal of Political Science 42:499-523.

Maltzman, Forrest, and Sarah Binder.  2002.  “Senatorial Delay in Confirming Federal Judges.”  American Journal of Political Science.”  46 (January): 190-199.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

“Judicial Selection in the States: A Critical Study with Proposals for Reform.”  1976.  Hofstra Law Review.  4: 267-320. 

Abraham, Henry.  1999.  Justices and Presidents and Senators.  2d ed.  New York: Rowman and Littlefield.

Aspin, Larry T.  1999.  “Trends in Judicial Retention Elections, 1964-1998.”  Judicature.  83(2):  79-81.

Aspin, Larry T. and William K. Hall.  1994.  “Retention Elections and Judicial Behavior.”  77 Judicature 6: 306-315.

Baum, Lawrence.  1983.  “The Electoral Fates of Incumbent Judges in the Ohio Court of Common Pleas.”  Judicature.  66:42-50.

Baum, Lawrence.  1987.  Explaining the Vote in Judicial Elections:  The 1984 Ohio Supreme Court Elections.  Western Political Quarterly 40:361-371.

Baum, Lawrence.  1987.  Information and Party Voting in Semi-Partisan Judicial Elections.  Political Behavior 9:62-74.

Baum, Lawrence.  1988-1989.  Voters' Information in Judicial Elections:  The 1986 Contests for the Ohio Supreme Court.  Kentucky Law Journal 77:645-670.

Carbon, Susan B.  1980.  “Judicial Retention Elections: Are They Serving Their Intended Purpose?”  64 Judicature 5: 210-233.

Chase, Harold W.  1972.  Federal Judges:  The Appointing Process.  Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Dubois, Philip.  1980.  From Ballot to Bench:  Judicial Elections and the Quest for Judicial Accountability.  Austin:  University of Texas Press.

Dubois, Philip.  1984.  Voting Cues in Nonpartisan Trial Court Elections:  A Multivariate Assessment.  Law & Society Review 18:395-436.

Flango, Victor Eugene, and Craig R. Ducat.  1979.  “What Difference Does Method of Judicial Selection Make?”  Justice System Journal.  5: 25-44.

Goldman, Sheldon.  1990.  Federal Judicial Recruitment.  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts.  Pp. 189-210.

Goldman, Sheldon.  1997.  Picking Federal Judges.  New Haven: Yale University Press.

Griffin, Kenyon N. And Michael J. Horan.  1979.  “Merit Retention Elections: What Influences the Voters?”  Judicature 63 (2): 78-88.

Grossman, Joel B.  1965.  Lawyers and Judges:  The ABA and the Politics of Judicial Selection.  New York:  John Wiley.

Hall, Kermit.  1979.  The Politics of Justice:  Lower Federal Judicial Selection and the Second Party System 1829-61.  Lincoln:  University of Nebraska Press.

Hojnacki, Marie, and Lawrence Baum.  1992.  "New-Style" Judicial Campaigns and the Voters:  Economic Issues and Union Members in Ohio. Western Political Quarterly 45:921-948.

Kagan, Robert A., Bobby D. Infelise, and Robert R. Detlefsen.  1988.  American State Supreme Court Justices, 1900-1970.  American Bar Foundation Research Journal 1984:371-408.

Maltese, John Anthony.  1995.  The Selling of Supreme Court Nominees.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

McFeeley, Neil.  1987.  Appointment of Judges:  The Johnson Presidency.  Austin: University of Texas.

Overby, L. Marvin, Beth M. Henschen, Michael H. Walsh, and Julie Strauss.  1992.  Courting Constituents?  An Analysis of the Senate Confirmation Vote on Justice Clarence Thomas.  American Political Science Review 86:997-106.

Schmidhauser, John.  1979.  Judges and Justices:  The Federal Appellate Judiciary. Boston:  Little, Brown.

Schotland, Roy.  1985.  Elective Judges' Campaign Financing:  Are State Judges' Robes the Emperor's Clothes of American Democracy? Journal of Law and Politics 2:57-167.

Schwartz, Herman.  1988.  Packing the Courts:  The Conservative Campaign to Rewrite the Constitution.  New York:  Scribners'.

Segal, Jeffrey.  1987.  Senate Confirmation of Supreme Court Justices:  Partisan and      Institutional Politics.  Journal of Politics 48:998-1015.

Shapiro, Martin M.  1990.  Interest Groups and Supreme Court Appointments.  Northwestern University Law Review 84:935-961.

Sheldon, Charles H., and Nicholas P. Lovrich, Jr.  1990.  State Judicial Recruitment.  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts.  Pp. 161-188.

Sheldon, Charles, and Linda Maule.  1997.  Choosing Justice: The Recruitment of State and Federal Judges.  Pullman, WA: Washington State University Press.

Silverstein, Mark.  1994.  Judicious Choices: The New Politics of Supreme Court Nominations.  New York: W. W. Norton.

Slotnick, Elliot E.  1984.  Judicial Selection Systems and Nomination Outcomes:  Does the Process Make a Difference?  American Politics Quarterly 12:225-240.

Squire, Peverill, and Eric R.A.N. Smith.  1988.  The Effect of Partisan Information on Voters in Nonpartisan Elections.  Journal of Politics 50:169-179.

Watson, George, and John Stookey.  1995.  Shaping America: The Politics of Supreme Court Appointments.  New York: HarperCollins.

Watson, Richard A., and Rondal G. Downing.  1969.  The Politics of the Bench and the Bar:  Judicial Selection Under the Missouri Nonpartisan Court Plan.  New York:  John Wiley.

Wold, John T., and John H. Culver.  1987.  “The Defeat of the California Justices: The Campaign, the Electorate, and the Issue of Judicial Accountability.”  Judicature.  70: 348-55.

 

VI.  Federal District Courts (October 4th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Kritzer, Herbert.  1978.  “Political Correlates of the Behavior of Federal District Judges: A Best Case Analysis.”  Journal of Politics 40(February): 25-58.

Rowland, C.K. 1991. “The Federal District Courts.” In The American Courts: A Critical Assessment. Eds. John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.

Rowland, C.K., and Robert A. Carp.  1980.  “A Longitudinal Study of Party Effects on Federal District Court Policy Propensities.”  American Journal of Political Science 24(): 291-305.

Rowland. C.K., and Robert A. Carp. 1983 “The Relative Effects of Maturation, Time Period, and Appointing President on District Judges’ Policy Choices.” Political Behavior 5:109-133.

Ringquist, Evan, and Craig E. Emmert. 1999. “Judicial Policymaking in Published and Unpublished Decisions: The Case of Environmental Litigation.” Political Research Quarterly 52(March): 7-37.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Alumbaugh, Steve, and C.K. Rowland. 1990. “The Links between Platform-Based Appointment Criteria and Trial Judges’ Abortion Judgments.” Judicature 74(October):153-162.

Alumbaugh, Steve, and C.K. Rowland.  1990.  “The Links between Platform-Based Appointment Criteria and Trial Judges’ Abortion Judgments.”  Judicature 74 (October/November):153-162.

Atkins, Burton, M. 1990. “Communication of Appellate Decisions: A Multivariate Model for Understanding the Selection of Cases for Publication.” Law and Society Review 24:1171-1196.  (On England’s appellate courts)

Carp, Robert A., and C.K. Rowland.  1983.  Politics and Policy Making in the Federal District Courts.  Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Cook, Beverly B.  1979.  “Judicial Policy: Change Over Time.”  American Journal of Political Science 23(February): 208-214.

Cook, Beverly Blair.  1977.  “Public Opinion and Federal Judicial Policy.”  American Journal of Political Science 21(): 567-600.

Dolbeare, Kenneth M. 1969. “The Federal District Courts and Urban Public Policy: An Exploratory Study (1960-1967).” In Frontiers of Judicial Research. Eds. Joel B. Grossman and Joseph Tanenhaus. New York: J. Wiley.

Ducat, Craig R., and Robert L. Dudley.  1989.  “Federal District Judges and Presidential Power.”  Journal of Politics 51(February): 98-118.

Giles, Michael W., and Thomas Walker.  1975.  “Judicial Policy Making and Southern School Segregation.”  Journal of Politics 37(): 917-937.

Kritzer, Herbert.  1979.  “Federal Judges and their Political Environment.”  American Journal of Political Science 23(February): 194-207.

Olson, Susan M. 1992. “Studying Federal District Courts Through Published Cases: A Research Note.” Justice System Journal 15:782-800.

Peltason, J.W. 1961. Fifty-Eight Lonely Men: Southern Federal Judges and School Desegregation. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, Inc.

Richardson, Richard J., and Kenneth N. Vines. 1970. The Politics of Federal Courts: Lower Courts in the United States. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.

Rowland, C.K., and Bridget Jeffery Todd.  1991.  “Where You Stand Depends on Who Sits: Platform Promises and Judicial Gatekeeping in the Federal District Courts.”  Journal of Politics 53(February):175-185.

Rowland, C.K., and Robert A. Carp. 1983. “Presidential Effects on Federal District Court Policy Decisions: Economic Liberalism, 1960-1977.  Social Science Quarterly 64:386-392.

Rowland, C.K., and Robert A. Carp. 1996. Politics and Judgment in Federal District Courts. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.

Rowland, C.K., Donald R. Songer, and Robert A. Carp.  1988.  “Presidential Effects on Criminal Justice Policy in the Lower Federal Courts: The Reagan Judges.”  Law and Society Review 22(1): 191-200.

Rowland, C.K., Robert A. Carp, and Ronald A. Stidham.  1984.  “Judges’ Policy Choices and the Value Basis of Judicial Appointments: A Comparison of Support for Criminal Defendants Among Nixon, Johnson, and Kennedy Appointees to the Federal District Courts.”  Journal of Politics 46(August): 886-902.

Siegelman, Peter, and John J. Donohue, III. 1990. “Studying the Iceberg from its Tip: A Comparison of Published and Unpublished Employment Discrimination Cases.” Law and Society Review 24:1133-1170.

Songer, Donald R. 1988. “Nonpublication in the United States District Courts: Official Criteria Versus Inferences from Appellate Review.” Journal of Politics 50(February):206-215.

Songer, Donald. 1990. “Criteria for Publication of Opinions in the U.S. Courts of Appeals: Formal Rules Versus Empirical Reality.” Judicature 73(April-May):307-312.

Vines, Kenneth.  1964.  “Federal District Judges and Race Relations Cases in the South.”  Journal of Politics 26():337-357.

Walker, Thomas G., and Deborah J. Barrow. 1985. “The Diversification of the Federal Bench: Policy and Process Ramifications.”  Journal of Politics 47(June):596-617.

Wenner, Lettie McSpadden, and Lee E. Dutter. 1988. “Contextual Influences on Court Outcomes.” Western Political Quarterly 41(March):115-134.

 

VII.  U.S. Courts of Appeals (October 11th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Songer, Donald.  1991. “The Circuit Courts of Appeals.” In The American Courts, A Critical Assessment, ed. John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.

Atkins Burton M., and Justin J. Green 1976.  “Consensus on the United States Courts of Appeals: Illusion or Reality?”  American Journal of Political Science.  Vol. 20, No. 4. (Nov): 735-748.

Songer, Donald R.  1982.  “Consensual and Nonconsensual Decisions in Unanimous Opinions of the United States Courts of Appeals.”  American Journal of Political Science.  Vol. 26, No. 2. (May): 225-239.

Songer, Donald R., Charles M. Cameron, and Jeffrey A. Segal.  1995.  “An Empirical Test of the Rational-Actor Theory of Litigation.” Journal of Politics 57:1119-1129.

Songer, Donald R., and Reginald S. Sheehan.  1992.  “Who Wins on Appeal? Upperdogs and Underdogs in the United States Courts of Appeals.”  American Journal of Political Science 36:235-258.

Davis, Sue, and Donald R. Songer. 1989. “The Changing Role of the United States Courts of Appeals: The Flow of Litigation Revisited.” Justice System Journal 13:323.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Atkins Burton M., and William Zavoina.  1974.  “Judicial Leadership on the Court of Appeals: A Probability Analysis of Panel Assignment in Race Relations Cases on the Fifth Circuit.” American Journal of Political Science.  Vol. 18, No. 4. (Nov): 701-711.

Goldman, Sheldon.  1975. “Voting Behavior on the United States Courts of Appeals Revisited.” American Political Science Review.  69:149 l-506.

Goldman, Sheldon. 1966. “Voting Behavior on the United States Courts of Appeals, 196 l-64.” American Political Science Review 55~372-83.

Howard, J. Woodford. 1981. Courts of Appeals in the Federal Judicial System: A Study of the Second, Fifth, and District of Columbia Circuits. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

McIver, John P.  1976.  Scaling Judicial Decisions: “The Panel Decisionmaking Process of the U.S. Courts of Appeals.”  American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 20, No. 4. (Nov): 749-761.

Richardson, Richard J., and Kenneth N. Vines. 1970. The Politics of Federal Courts. Boston: Little, Brown.

Songer, Donald R.  1987.  “The Impact of the Supreme Court on Trends in Economic Policy Making in the United States Courts of Appeals (in Research Notes).  The Journal of Politics.  Vol. 49, No. 3. (Aug): 830-841.

Songer, Donald R., and Sue Davis. 1990. “The Impact of Party and Region on Voting Decision in the U.S. Courts of Appeals, 1955-86.” Western Political Quarterly 43:317-44.

Songer, Donald R., and Susan Haire.  1992.  “Integrating Alternative Approaches to the Study of Judicial Voting: Obscenity Cases in the U.S. Court of Appeals.”  American Journal of Political Science.  Vol. 36, No. 4. (Nov): 963-982.

Tomasi, Timothy B., and Jess A. Velona. 1987. “All the President’s Men: A Study of Ronald Reagan’s Appointments to the United States Courts of Appeals.” Columbia Law Review 87:1766-93.

 

VIII.  State Supreme Courts (October 18th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Glick, Henry R., and George W. Pruet.  1986.  “Dissent in State Supreme Courts: Patterns and Correlates of Conflict.”  In Judicial Conflict and Consensus: Behavioral Studies of American Appellate Courts, ed. Sheldon Goldman and Charles Lamb.  Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky.

Brace, Paul, and Melinda Gann Hall.  1990.  “Neo-Institutionalism and Dissent in State Supreme Courts.”  Journal of Politics.  52(1): 54-70.

Emmert, Craig.  1992.  “An Integrated Case-Related Model of Judicial Decision Making: Explaining State Supreme Court Decisions in Judicial Review Cases.”  Journal of Politics.  54(2) 543-552.

Brace, Paul, Laura Langer, and Melinda Gann Hall.  2000.  “Measuring the Preferences of State Supreme Court Judges.”  Journal of Politics.  62 (May): 387-413.

Gann Hall, Melinda.  2001.  “State Supreme Courts in American Democracy: Probing the Myths of Judicial Reform.”  American Political Science Review.  95(2): 315-330.

Comparato, Scott, and Scott D. McClurg.  2002.  “Search and Seizure in the States: State Supreme Court Compliance with the Supreme Court.”  Southern Political Science Association.  Savannah, GA.

 
Recommended Reading:

 

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1983.  On the Reputation of State Supreme Courts. Political Behavior 5(1):83-108.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1985.  “The Transmission of Legal Precedent: A Study of State Supreme Courts.”  American Political Science Review. 79: 178-193.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1988.  Legal Precedent:  Structures of Communication Between State Supreme Courts.  Social Networks 10:29-55.

Comparato, Scott.  2001.  “Argumentation in State Supreme Courts:  A Comparison of Litigant and Amicus Briefs.”  Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association.

­­Hall, Melinda Gann.  1995.  “Justices as Representatives: Elections and Judicial Politics in the American States.”  American Politics Quarterly.  23: 485-503.

Brace, Paul, and Melinda Gann-Hall.  1990.  “Neo-Institutionalism and Dissent in State Supreme Courts.”  Journal of Politics.  52: 54-70.

Brace, Paul, and Melinda Gann-Hall.  1995.  “Studying Courts Comparatively: The View from The American States.”  Political Research Quarterly.  48: 5-29.

Brace, Paul, and Melinda Gann-Hall.  1997.  “The Interplay of Preferences, Case Facts, Context, and Rules in the Politics of Judicial Choice.”  Journal of Politics.  59: 1206-1231.

Brace, Paul, Laura Langer, and Melinda Gann Hall.  2000.  “Measuring the Preferences of State Supreme Court Justices.”  Journal of Politics.  Forthcoming.

Brennan, William J.  1977.  “State Constitutions and the Protection of Individual Rights.”  Harvard Law Review.  3: 489-504.

Canon, Bradley C. 1973. “Reactions of State Supreme Courts to a U.S. Supreme Court Civil Liberties Decision.” Law and Society Review 8: 109-34.

Emmert, Craig, and Carol Ann Traut.  1994.  “The California Supreme Court and the Death Penalty.”  American Politics Quarterly.  22(1): 41-61.

Epstein, Lee.  1994.  “Exploring the Participation of Organized Interests in State Court Litigation.”             Political Research Quarterly.  47: 335-352.

Fino, Susan P.  1987.  The Role of State Supreme Courts in the New Judicial Federalism.  New York: Greenwood Press.

Gann Hall, Melinda.  1987a.  “An Examination of Voting Behavior in the Louisiana Supreme Court.”  Judicature.  71: 40-46.

Gann Hall, Melinda.  1987b.  “Constituent Influence in State Supreme Courts: Conceptual Notes and a Case Study.”  Journal of Politics.  49(4): 1117-21.

Gann Hall, Melinda.  1992.  “Electoral Politics and Strategic Voting in State Supreme Courts.”  Journal of Politics.  54(2): 427-46.

Gann Hall, Melinda.  1995.  “Justices as Representatives: Elections and Judicial Politics in the American States.”  American Politics Quarterly.  23(4): 485-503.

Glick, Henry R.  1971.  Supreme Courts in State Politics.  New York: Basic Books.

Glick, Henry R. and Kenneth N. Vines.  1973.  State Court Systems.  Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Gryski, Gerard S., Eleanor C. Main, and William J. Dixon. 1986. “Models of State High Court Decision Making in Sex Discrimination Cases .” Journal of Politics 48: 143-55.

Hall, Melinda Gann, and Paul Brace.  1994.  “The Vicissitudes of Death by Decree: Forces Influencing Capital Punishment Decision Making in State Supreme Courts.”  Social Science Quarterly.  75: 136-151.

Hall, Melinda Gann, and Paul Brace.  1999.  “State Supreme Courts and Their Environments: Avenues to General Theories of Judicial Choice.”  In Institutional Approaches to Supreme Court Decision Making.  eds. Cornell Clayton and Howard Gillman.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hall, Melinda Gann.  1987.  “Constituent Influence in State Supreme Courts: Conceptual Notes and a Case Study.”  The Journal of Politics.  49: 1117-24.

Hall, Melinda Gann.  1992.  “Electoral Politics and Strategic Voting in State Supreme Courts.”  Journal of Politics.  54: 427-46.

Latzer, Barry.  1991.  “The Hidden Conservatism of the State Court Revolution.”  Judicature.  74: 190-97.

Romans, Neil T. 1974. “The Role of State Supreme Courts in Judicial Policy Making: Escobedo, Miranda, and the Use of Judicial Impact Analysis.” Western Political Quarterly 27~38-59.

Songer, Donald R. and Susan J. Tabrizi.  1999.  “The Religious Right in Court: the decision making of Christian evangelicals in state supreme courts.”  Journal of Politics.  61(2): 507-26.

Tarr, G. Alan and Mary Cornelia Aldis Porter.  1988.  State Supreme Courts in State and Nation.  New Haven: Yale University Press.

Tarr, G. Alan. 1977. Judicial Impact and State Supreme Courts. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Wheeler, Stanton, Bliss Cartwright, Robert A. Kagan, and Lawrence M. Friedman.  1987.  “Do the 'Haves' Come Out Ahead? Winning and Losing in State Supreme Courts, 1870-1970.”  Law and Society Review 21:403-445.

 

IX.  Inter-court relations (October 25th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Landes, William M., and Richard A. Posner.  1976.  Legal Precedent:  A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.  Journal of Law and Economics 19:249-307.

Canon, Bradley, and Lawrence Baum.  1981.  Patterns of Adoption of Tort Law Innovations:  An Application of Diffusion Theory to Judicial Doctrines.  American Political Science Review 75:975-987.

Caldeira, Gregory.  1985.  The Transmission of Legal Precedent:  A Study of State Supreme Courts.  American Political Science Review 79:178-193.

Charles A. Johnson, "Lower Court Reactions to Supreme Court Decisions: A Quantitative Examination," American Journal of Political Science 23 (1979).

Songer, Donald R., Charles Cameron, and Jeffrey A. Segal.  1994.  The Hierarchy of Justice: Testing a Principal-Agent Model of Supreme Court-Circuit Court Interactions.  American Journal of Political Science 38:673-696.

McNollgast.  1995.  Politics and the Courts: A Positive Theory of Judicial Doctrine and the Rule of Law.  Southern California Law Review 68:1631-1689.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Shapiro, Martin.  1970.  Decentralized Decision-Making in the Law of Torts.  In S. Sidney Ulmer, ed., Political Decision-Making.  New York:  Van Nostrand.

Landes, William M., Lawrence Lessig, and Michael E. Solimine.  1998.  Judicial Influence: A Citation Analysis of Federal Court of Appeals Judges.  Journal of Legal Studies 27:271-332.

Baum, Lawrence.  1990.  Courts and Policy Innovation.  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts.  Pp. 413-433.

Sanders, Francine.  1995.  Brown v. Board of Education: An Empirical Reexamination of its Effects on Federal District Courts.  Law & Society Review 29:731-756.

Murphy, Walter F.  1962.  Chief Justice Taft and the Lower Court Bureaucracy.  Journal of Politics 24:453-476.

Barrow, Deborah, and Thomas G. Walker.  1988.  A Court Divided:  The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals and Judicial Reform.  New Haven:  Yale University Press.

Tarr, G. Alan, and Mary Cornelia Porter.  1988.  State Supreme Courts in State and Nation.  New Haven:  Yale University.

Harris, Peter.  1985.  Ecology and Culture in the Communication of Precedent Among State Supreme Courts, 1870-1970.  Law & Society Review  19:449-486.

Carp, Robert.  1972.  The Scope and Function of Intra-Circuit Judicial Communication:  A Case Study in the Eighth Circuit.  Law & Society Review 6:405-426.

Mason, M. P.  1978.  Courting Reversal:  The Supervisory Role of State Supreme Courts.  Yale Law Journal 87:1191-1218.

Merryman, John H.  1977.  Toward a Theory of Citations:  An Empirical Study of the Citation Practice of the California Supreme Court in 1950, 1960, and 1970.  Southern California Law Review 50:381-428.

Davies, Thomas Y.  1982.  Affirmed:  A Study of Criminal Appeals and Decision-Making Norms in a California Court of Appeal.  American Bar Foundation Research Journal 1982:543-648.

 

X.  Inter-Institutional Relations Part I: Court/Congress (November 1st)

 

Required Reading:

 

Rogers, James.  2001.  “Information and Judicial Review: A Signaling Game of Legislative-Judicial Interaction.”  American Journal of Political Science.  45(1): 84-99.

Vanberg, George.  2001.  “Legislative-Judicial Relations: A Game Theoretic Approach to Constitutional Review.”  American Journal of Political Science.  45(2): 346-361.

Hausseger, Lori and Lawrence Baum.  1999.  "Inviting Congressional Action: A Study of Supreme Court Motivations in Statutory Interpretation."  American Journal of Political Science 43:162.

Gates, John B.  1987.  Partisan realignment, Unconstitutional State Policies, and the U.S. Supreme Court, 1837-1964.  American Journal of Political Science.  31:259-280.

 

Recommended Reading:

  

Adamany, David W.  1973.  Legitimacy, Realigning Elections, and the Supreme Court.  Wisconsin Law Review 1973:790-846.

Casper, Jonathan D.  1976.  The Supreme Court and National Policy-Making.  American Political Science Review 70:50-63.

Dahl, Robert A.  1957.  Decision-Making in a Democracy: The Supreme Court as a National Policy-Maker.  Journal of Public Law 6:279-295.

Eskridge, William N. and John Ferejohn.  1992.  “The Article I, Section 7 Game.”  Georgetown Law Journal. 80(February): 523-564.

Eskridge, William N., Jr.  1991.  Overriding Supreme Court Statutory Interpretation Decisions.  Yale Law Journal 101:327-458.

Eskridge, William N., Jr.  1994.  Dynamic Statutory Interpretation.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Eskridge, William N., Jr. 1991. "Reneging on History?" California Law Review 79:613.

Ferejohn, John, and Barry Weingast.  1992.  “Limitation of Statutes: Strategic Statutory Interpretation.”  Georgetown Law Review.  80: 565-587.

Ferejohn, John, and Barry Weingast.  1992.  “The Limitation of Statutes: Strategic Statutory Interpretation.”  Georgetown Law Journal.  80: 565-582.

Funston, Richard.  1975.  The Supreme Court and Critical Elections.  American Political Science Review 69:785-811.

Gates, John B.  1991.  The Supreme Court and Partisan Realignment: A Macro and       Microlevel Perspective.  Westview Press.

Gely, Rafael and Pablo Spiller.  1990.  “A Rational Choice Theory of Supreme Court Statutory Decisions with Applications to the State Farm & Grove City Cases.”  Journal of Law, Economics and Organization.  6: 263-300.

Gely, Rafael and Pablo T. Spiller.  1990.  “A Rational Choice Theory of Supreme Court Statuary Decisions with Applications to the State Farm and Grove City Cases.”  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization. 6: 263-300.

Handberg, Roger, and Harold Hill.  1980.  Court Curbing, Court Reversals, and Judicial Review:  The Supreme Court Versus Congress.  Law & Society Review 14:309-322.

Henschen, Beth M.  1983.  Congressional Response to the Statutory Interpretations of the Supreme Court.  American Politics Quarterly 11:441-459.

Murphy, Walter F.  1962.  Congress and the Court.  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press.

Note.  1958.  Congressional Reversal of Supreme Court Decisions: 1945-1957.  Harvard Law Review 71:1324-1337.

Schmidhauser, John, and Larry L. Berg.  1972.  Congress and the Supreme Court: Conflict and Interaction, 1945-1968.  New York:  Free Press.

Segal, Jeffrey A.  1990.  Courts, Executives, and Legislatures.  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts.  Pp. 373-397.

Segal, Jeffrey A. 1997. "Separation-of-Powers Games in the Positive Theory of Congress and Courts." American Political Science Review 91: 28.

Spiller, Pablo and Rafael Gely. 1992. "Congressional Control or Judicial Independence." RAND Journal of Economics 4:463.

 

XI.  Inter-Institutional Relations Part II: Court/Executive (November 8th)

  

Required Reading:

 

Knight, Jack and Lee Epstein. 1996. "On the Struggle for Judicial Supremacy." Law and Society Review 30 (1): 87-130.

Fisher, Louis.  1990.  Is the Solicitor General an Executive or a Judicial Agent? Caplan's Tenth Justice.  Law & Social Inquiry 15:305-320.

Eskridge, William N., Jr., and John Ferejohn.  1992.  Making the Deal Stick: Enforcing the Original Constitutional Structure of Lawmaking in the Regulatory State.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 8:165-213

 

Recommended Reading:

  

Caplan, Lincoln.  1988.  The Tenth Justice.  New York:  Alfred A. Knopf.

Ducat, Craig, and Robert Dudley.  1989.  Federal District Judges and Presidential Power During the Postwar Era.  Journal of Politics 51:98-118.

Ferejohn, John A., and Barry R. Weingast.  1991.  A Positive Theory of Statutory Interpretation.  Working Paper in Political Science, Hoover Institution, Stanford University, 1991.

Fiorina, Morris P.  1986.  Legislator uncertainty, legislative control, and the delegation of legislative power.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 2:33-51.

Gely, Rafael and Pablo Spiller.  1992.  “The Political Economy of Supreme Court Constitutional Decisions: The Case of Roosevelt’s Court Packing Plan.”  International Review of Law and Economics.  12:45-67.

Gormley, William T.  1989.  Taming the Bureaucracy.  Princeton:  Princeton University Press.

Landes, William, and Richard Posner.  1975.  The Independent Judiciary in an Interest-Group Perspective.  Journal of Law and Economics 18:875-901.

Macey, Jonathan R.  1992.  Organizational Design and the Political Control of Administrative Agencies.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 8:93-125 (1992).  See also comments by Shepsle and Levine.

Melnick, R. Shep.  1983.  Regulation and the Courts:  The Case of the Clean Air Act.  Washington:  Brookings Institution.

Moe, Terry M.  1987.  An assessment of the positive theory of congressional dominance."  Legislative Studies Quarterly 12:475-520.

Moe, Terry M.  1987.  Interests, institutions, and positive theory:  the politics of the NLRB.  Studies In American Political Development 2:236-299.

Moe, Terry M.  1989.  The politics of bureaucratic structure.  In John E. Chubb and Paul E. Peterson (eds.), Can the Government Govern?  Washington:  The Brookings Institution.  Pp. 267-330.

Moe, Terry M.  1990.  Political institutions:  the neglected side of the story.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 6:213-261.

Salokar, Rebecca.  1992.  The Solicitor General:  The Politics of Law.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 

Schnapper, Eric.  1988.  Becket at the Bar--The Conflicting Obligations of the Solicitor General.  Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 21:1187-1271. 

Segal, Jeffrey A.  1988.  Amicus Curiae Briefs by the Solicitor General During the Warren and Burger Courts.  Western Political Quarterly 41:135-144.

Shapiro, Martin.  1968.  The Supreme Court and Administrative Agencies.  New York: Free Press.

Shapiro, Martin.  1989.  Who Guards the Guardians?  Judicial Control of Administration.  Athens:  University of Georgia.

Spriggs, James, II.  1997.  Explaining Federal Bureaucratic Compliance with Supreme Court Opinions.  Political Research Quarterly 50:567-594.

 Stewart, Richard.  1975.  The reformation of American administrative law.  Harvard Law Review 88:1667-1813 (selections).

Sunstein, Cass.  1985.  Interest groups in American public law.  Stanford Law Review 38:29-87.

Sunstein, Cass.  1986.  Factions, self-interest and the APA:  Four lessons since 1946.  Virginia Law Review 72:271-296.

Sunstein, Cass.  1991.  After the Rights Revolution:  Reconceiving the Regulatory State. Cambridge:  Harvard University Press.

Weingast, Barry, and Mark Moran.  1983.  Bureaucratic discretion or congressional control:  regulatory pol­icymaking by the Federal Trade Commission.  Journal of Political Economy 91:765-800.

Weingast, Barry, and William Marshall.  1988.  The industrial organization of Congress.  Journal of Political Economy 96:132-163.

Wilson, James Q.  1989.  Bureaucracy.  New York:  Basic Books.

 

XII.  Inter-Institutional Relations Part III: Court/Administrative Agencies  (November 15th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Landes, William, and Richard Posner.  1975.  The Independent Judiciary in an Interest-Group Perspective.  Journal of Law and Economics 18:875-901.

Macey, Jonathan R.  1992.  Organizational Design and the Political Control of Administrative Agencies.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 8:93-125 (1992).  See also comments by Shepsle and Levine.

Spriggs, James, II.  1997.  Explaining Federal Bureaucratic Compliance with Supreme Court Opinions.  Political Research Quarterly 50:567-594.

Spriggs, James, II.  1996.  The Supreme Court and Federal Administrative Agencies: A Resource-Based Theory and Analysis of Judicial Impact.  American Journal of Political Science 40:1122-1151.

Eskridge, William N., Jr., and John Ferejohn.  1992.  Making the Deal Stick:  Enforcing the Original Constitutional Structure of Lawmaking in the Regulatory State.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 8:165-213 (1992).  See the comments by Knight, Rodriguez, and Strauss and Rutten.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Ferejohn, John A., and Barry R. Weingast.  1991.  A Positive Theory of Statutory Interpretation.  Working Paper in Political Science, Hoover Institution, Stanford University, 1991.

Shapiro, Martin.  1968.  The Supreme Court and Administrative Agencies.  New York:  Free Press.

Shapiro, Martin.  1989.  Who Guards the Guardians?  Judicial Control of Administration.  Athens:  University of Georgia.

Stewart, Richard.  1975.  The reformation of American administrative law.  Harvard Law Review 88:1667-1813.

McCubbins, Mathew, Roger Noll, and Barry Weingast.  1989.  Structure and process, politics, and policy:  administrative arrangements and the political control of agencies.  Virginia Law Review 75:431-482.

Moe, Terry M.  1987.  An assessment of the positive theory of "congressional dominance."  Legislative Studies Quarterly 12:475-520.

Moe, Terry M.  1990.  Political institutions:  the neglected side of the story.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 6:213-261.

Mashaw, Jerry L.  1990.  Explaining administrative process:  normative, positive, and critical stories of legal development.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 6:267-298.

McCubbins, Mathew, Roger Noll, and Barry Weingast.  1989.  Structure and process, politics, and policy:  administrative arrangements and the political control of agencies.  Virginia Law Review 75:431-482.

Moe, Terry M.  1989.  The politics of bureaucratic structure.  In John E. Chubb and Paul E. Peterson (eds.), Can the Government Govern?  Washington:  The Brookings Institution.  Pp. 267-330.

Sunstein, Cass.  1986.  Factions, self-interest and the APA:  Four lessons since 1946.  Virginia Law Review 72:271-296.

Chubb, John.  1983.  Interest Groups and the Bureaucracy.  Stanford:  Stanford University Press.

Gormley, William T.  1989.  Taming the Bureaucracy.  Princ­eton:  Princeton University Press.

Melnick, R. Shep.  1983.  Regulation and the Courts:  The Case of the Clean Air Act.  Washington:  Brookings Institution.

Wilson, James Q.  1989.  Bureaucracy.  New York:  Basic Books.

Moe, Terry M.  1987.  Interests, institutions, and positive theory:  the politics of the NLRB.  Studies In American Political Development 2:236-299.

Fiorina, Morris P.  1986.  Legislator uncertainty, legislative control, and the delegation of legislative power.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 2:33-51.

McCubbins, Mathew, Roger Noll, and Barry Weingast.  1987.  Administrative procedures as an instrument of political control.  Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization.  3:243-277.

Sunstein, Cass.  1985.  Interest groups in American public law.  Stanford Law Review 38:29-87.

Weingast, Barry, and Mark Moran.  1983.  Bureaucratic discretion or congressional control:  regulatory pol­icymaking by the Federal Trade Commission.  Journal of Political Economy 91:765-800.

Weingast, Barry, and William Marshall.  1988.  The industrial organization of Congress.  Journal of Political Economy 96:132-163.

Sunstein, Cass.  1991.  After the Rights Revolution:  Reconceiving the Regulatory State.  Cambridge:  Harvard University Press.

 

XIII.  Public Opinion and Judicial Impact (November 29th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Rosenberg, Gerald.  1991.  The Hollow Hope:  Can Courts Bring About Social Change?  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press.

Gibson, James L.  1989.  “Understandings of Justice:  Institutional Legitimacy, Procedural Justice, and Political Tolerance.”  Law & Society Review:469-496.

Caldeira, Gregory A., and James L. Gibson.  1992.  “The Etiology of Public Support for the Supreme Court.”  American Journal of Political Science.  36:635-691.

Mondak, Jeffrey, and Shannon Smithey.  1997.  “The Dynamics of Support for the Supreme Court.”  Journal of Politics.  59:1114-1143.

Djupe, Paul, and Timothy Johnson.  2002.  “Courts Information, and Legitimacy.”  Grant Proposal under Review at the National Science Foundation.

Franklin, Charles, and Liane Kosaki.  1989.  “Republican Schoolmaster: The United States Supreme Court, Public Opinion, and Abortion.”  American Political Science Review 83:751-771.

Johnson, Timothy, and Andrew D. Martin.  1998.  “The Public’s Conditional Response to Supreme Court Decisions.”  American Political Science Review 92:299:309.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Adamany, David, and Joel B. Grossman.  1983.  Support for the Supreme Court as a National Policymaker.  Law and Policy Quarterly 5:405-000.

Baas, Larry, and Dan Thomas.  1984.  The Supreme Court and Policy Legitimation: Experimental Tests.  American Politics Quarterly 12: 335-360.

Barnum, David G.  1985.  “The Supreme Court and the Public Opinion: Judicial Decision Making in the Post-New Deal Period.”  Journal of Politics 47:652-666.

Barnum, David.  1985.  The Supreme Court and Public Opinion:  Judicial Decision-Making in the Post-New Deal Period.  Journal of Politics 47:652-666.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1986.  “Neither the Purse Nor the Sword: Dynamics of Public Confidence in the Supreme Court.”  American Political Science Review 80:1209-1226.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1987.  “Public Opinion and the U.S. Supreme Court: FDR's Court-Packing Plan.”  American Political Science Review 81:1139-1153.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1990. “ Courts and Public Opinion.”  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts.  Pp. 303-334.

Canon, Bradley C.  1990.  Courts and Policy:  Compliance, Implementation, and Impact.  In John B. Gates and Charles A. Johnson (eds.), The American Courts:  A Critical Assessment.  Washington:  Congressional Quarterly Press.  Pp. 435-466.

Caldeira, Gregory A., and James L. Gibson.  1995.  “The Legitimacy of the Court of Justice in the European Union: Models of Institutional Support.”  American Political Science Review 89:356-376.

Casey, Gregory.  1974.  The Supreme Court and Myth:  An Empirical Investigation.  Law & Society Review 8:385-419.

Dolbeare, Kenneth, and Phillip E. Hammond.  1968.  The Political Party Basis of Attitudes Toward the Supreme Court.  Public Opinion Quarterly 37:16-30.

Flemming, Roy B., and B. Dan Wood.  1997.  “The Public and the Supreme Court: Individual Justice Responsiveness to American Policy Moods.”  American Journal of Political Science 41:468-498.

Gibson, James L, Gregory A. Caldeira, and Vanessa A. Baird. 1998. “On the Legitimacy of National High Courts.” American Political Science Review 92(June):343-358.

Gibson, James L., and Gregory A. Caldeira.  1992.  Blacks and the United States Supreme Court:  Models of Diffuse Support.  Journal of Politics 54:1120-1148.

Gibson, James, and Gregory A. Caldeira.  1995.  “The Legitimacy of Transnational Legal Institutions: Compliance, Support, and the European Court of Justice.”  American Journal of Political Science 39:459-489.

Hoekstra, Valerie J., and Jeffrey A. Segal.  1996.  “The Shepherding of Local Public Opinion: The Supreme Court and Lamb’s Chapel.” Journal of Politics 58:1079-1102.

Lehne, Richard, and John Reynolds.  1978.  The Impact of Judicial Activism on Public Opinion.  American Journal of Political Science 22:896-904.     

Link, Michael M.  1995.  “Tracking Public Mood in the Supreme Court: Cross-Time Analysis of Criminal Procedure and Civil Rights Cases.”  Political Research Quarterly. 48:61-78.

Marshall, Thomas R.  1989.  Public Opinion and the Supreme Court.  Boston: Unwin Hyman.

Mishler, William, and Reginald S. Sheehan.  1993.  “The Supreme Court as a Countermajoritarian Institution? The Impact of Public Opinion on Supreme Court Decisions.”  American Political Science Review 87:87-101.

Mishler, William, and Reginald S. Sheehan.  1996.  “Public Opinion, the Attitudinal Model, and Supreme Court Decision Making: A Micro-Analytic Perspective.”  Journal of Politics 58:169-200.

Mishler, William, and Reginald Sheehan.  1992.  “The Supreme Court as a Countermajoritarian Institution?  The Impact of Public Opinion on Supreme Court Decisions.”  American Political Science Review.  87:87-101.

Mondak, Jeffrey J.  1991.  “Substantive and Procedural Aspects of Supreme Court Decisions as Determinants of Institutional Approval.”  American Politics Quarterly 19:174-188.

Mondak, Jeffrey J.  1994.  “Policy Legitimacy and the Supreme Court: The Sources and Contexts of Legitimation.”  Political Research Quarterly 47:675-692.

Murphy, Walter F., and Joseph Tanenhaus.  1968.  Public Opinion and the United States Supreme Court:  A Preliminary Mapping of Some Prerequisites for Court Legitimation of Regime Changes.  Law & Society Review 2:357-382.

Murphy, Walter F., Joseph Tanenhaus, and Daniel Kastner.  1973.  Public Evaluations of Constitutional Courts.  Beverly Hills: Sage.

Norpoth, Helmut, Jeffrey A. Segal, William Mishler, and Reginald S. Sheehan.  1994.  “Controversy: Popular Influence on Supreme Court Decisions.”  American Political Science Review 88:711-724.

Stimson, James A., Michael B. MacKuen, and Robert S. Erikson.  1995.  “Dynamic Representation.”  American Political Science Review 89:543-565.

Tyler, Tom.  1984.  The Role of Perceived Injustice on Defendants' Evaluations of Their Courtroom Experiences.  Law & Society Review 18:51-00.

Johnson, Charles A., and Bradley C. Canon.  1984.  Judicial Policies:  Implementation and Impact.  Washington:  CQ Press.  Chs. 2, 3, 6.

Johnson, Charles A.  1987.  Law, Politics, and Judicial Decision Making:  Lower Federal Court Uses of Supreme Court Decisions.  Law & Society Review 21:325-340.

Gruhl, John.  1980.  The Supreme Court's Impact on the Law of Libel:  Compliance by Lower Federal Courts.  Western Political Quarterly 33:502-519.

Jenson, Carol E.  1982.  The Network of Control:  State Supreme Courts and State Security Statutes, 1920-1970.  Westport, CT:  Greenwood Press.

Tarr, G. Alan.  1977.  Judicial Impact and State Supreme Courts.  Lexington, MA:  Lexington Books.

Peltason, J. W.  1971.  Fifty-Eight Lonely Men:  Southern Federal Judges and School Desegregation, 2d ed.  Urbana:  University of Illinois Press.

Johnson, Charles A.  1979.  Lower Court Reactions to Supreme Court Decisions:  A Quantitative Examination.  American Journal of Political Science 23:792-804.

Johnson, Charles A.  1981.  Do Lower Courts Anticipate the Changes in Supreme Court Policies?  A Few Empirical Notes.  Law & Policy Quarterly 3:55-68.

Dolbeare, Kenneth, and Phillip E. Hammond.  1971.  The School Prayer Decisions:  From Court Decision to Local Practice.  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press.

Muir, William K.  1967.  Prayer in the Public Schools:  Law and Attitude Change.  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press.

Gruhl, John, and Cassia Spohn.  1981.  The Supreme Court's Post-Miranda Rulings:  Impact on Local Prosecutions.  Law & Policy Quarterly 3:9-54.

Ekland-Olson, Sheldon, and Steve J. Martin.  1988.  Organizational Compliance with Court-Ordered Reform.  Law & Society Review 22:359-383.

Croyle, James.  1979.  The Impact of Judge-Made Policies:  An Analysis of Research Strategies and an Application to Products Liability Doctrine.  Law & Society Review 13:494-967.

Caldeira, Gregory A.  1981-1982.  Changing the Common Law:  Effects of the Decline of Charitable Immunity.  Law & Society Review 16:669-693.

Hansen, Susan.  1980.  State Implementation of Supreme Court Decisions:  Abortion Rates Since Roe v. Wade.  Journal of Politics 42:372-395.

Giles, Michael, and Douglas Gatlin.  1980.  Mass Level Compliance with Public Policy:  The Case of School Desegregation.  Journal of Politics 42:722-746.

Canon, Bradley C., and Dean Jaros.  1979.  The Impact of Change in Judicial Doctrine:  The Abrogation of Charitable Immunity.  Law & Society Review 13:969-986.

Horowitz, Donald.  1977.  The Courts and Social Policy.  Washington:  Brookings Institution.

 

XIV.  Comparative Courts (December 6th)

 

Required Reading:

 

Caldeira, Gregory A., and James L. Gibson.  1995.  The Legitimacy of the Court of Justice in the European Union: Models of Institutional Support.  American Political Science Review 89:356-376.

Gibson, James L., Gregory A. Caldeira, and Vanessa A. Baird.  1998.  “On the Legitimacy of National High Courts.”  American Political Science Review 92:343-358.

Epstein, Lee, Jack Knight, and Olga Shvetsova.  “The Role of Constitutional Courts in the Establishment and Maintenance of Democratic Systems of Government.”  Forthcoming, Law and Society Review.

Garrett, Geoffrey, R. Daniel Kelemen, and Heiner Schulz.  1998.  The European Court of Justice, National Governments, and Legal Integration in the European Union.  International Organization 52:149-176.

Stone-Sweet, Alec, and Thomas L. Brunell.  1998.  Constructing a Supranational Constitution:  Dispute Resolution and Governance in the European Community.  American Political Science Review 92:63-82.

 

Recommended Reading:

 

Alter, Karen.  1998.  Who are the “Masters of the Treaty”?  European Governments and the European Court of Justice.  International Organization 52:121-148.

Brewer-Carias, A. R.  1989.  Judicial Review in Comparative Law.  Cambridge: Cambridge University  Press.

Brzezinski, Mark.  1998.  The Struggle for Constitutionalism in Poland.  London: Macmillan Press Ltd. 

Burley, Anne-Marie, and Walter Mattli.  1993.  Europe Before the Court: A Political Theory of Legal Integration.  International Organization 47:41-76.

Epp, Charles R.  1998.  The Rights Revolution: Lawyers, Activists, and Supreme Courts in Comparative Perspective.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Garrett, Geoffrey.  1995.  The Politics of Legal Integration in the European Union.

Gibson, James L., and Gregory A. Caldeira.  1996.  The Legal Cultures of Europe.  Law & Society Review 30:55-85.

Goldstein, Leslie F.  1997.  State Resistance to Authority in Federal Unions: The Early United States (1790-1860) and the European Community (1958-1994).  Studies in American Political Development 11:149-189.

       International Organization 49:171-1181.

Jacob, Herbert, Erhard Blankenburg, Herbert M. Kritzer, Doris Marie Provine, and Joseph Sanders (eds.).  1996.  Courts, Law, and Politics in Comparative Perspective.  New Haven: Yale University Press (United States, England, France, and Japan).

Kommers, Donald.  1989.  The Constitutional Jurisprudence of the Federal Republic of Germany.  Durham: Duke University Press.

Landfried, Christine.  1988.  Constitutional Review and Legislation: An International Comparison.  Baden-Baden: Nomos.

Larkins, Christopher.  1996.  Judicial Independence and Democratization: A Theoretical and Conceptual Analysis.  American Journal of Comparative Law 44:605-626.

Larkins, Christopher.  1998.  The Judiciary and Delegative Democracy in Argentina.  Comparative Politics 30:4230442.

Mattli, Walter, and Anne-Marie Slaughter.  1998.  Revisiting the European Court of Justice.  International Organization 52:177-210.

Ramseyer, J. Mark, and Eric B. Rasmussen.  1997.  Judicial Independence in a Civil Law Regime:  The Evidence from Japan.  Journal of Law, Economics, and

Ramseyer, J. Mark.  1994.  The Puzzling Independence of Courts: A Comparative Approach.  Journal of Legal Studies 23:721-747.

Shapiro, Martin M.  1992.  The European Court of Justice.  In Albert Sbragia (ed.) Europolitics.  Washington:  Brookings Institution.

Stein, Eric.  1981.  Lawyers, Judges, and the Making of a Transnational Constitution.  American Journal of International Law 75:1-27.

Stone, Alex.  1992.  The Birth of Judicial Politics in France: The Constitutional Council in Comparative Perspective.  New York: Oxford University Press.

Strasser, Sarah E.  1995/1996.  Evolution and Effort: Docket Control & Preliminary References in the European Court of Justice.  Columbia Journal of European Law 2:49-105.

Tate, C. Neal, and Torbjorn Vallinder.  1995.  The Global Expansion of Judicial Power: The Judicialization of Politics. In C. Neal Tate and Torbjorn Vallinder (eds.), The Global Expansion of Judicial Power.  New York:  New York University.  Pp. 1-10.

Tate, C. Neal.  1995.  Why the Expansion of Judicial Power?  In C. Neal Tate and Torbjorn Vallinder (eds.), The Global Expansion of Judicial Power.  New York:  New York University.  Pp. 27-38.

Torbjorn Vallinder (eds.), The Global Expansion of Judicial Power.  New York:  New York University.  Pp. 13-26.

Vallinder, Torbjorn.  1995.  Where the Courts Go Marching In.  In C. Neal Tate and

Vanberg, George.  1998.  Abstract Judicial Review, Legislative Bargaining, and Policy Compromise.  Journal of Theoretical Politics 10:299-326.

Weiler, Joseph H. H.  1991.  The Transformation of Europe.  Yale Law Journal 100:2403-2483.

Weiler, Joseph H. H.  1994.  A Quiet Revolution: The European Court and Its Interlocutors.  Comparative Political Studies 26:510-534.

 

Important Dates

 

Research Paper Proposal:  September 13th (Week 4)

Research Paper:  Friday, December 9th

Graduate Research Poster Session:  December 12th, 8:00 – 10:00 a.m.

 

Class will not meet:  November 22nd (Thanksgiving Break)

 


[1] I reserve the right to make changes to the reading assignments and the dates that material will be covered as necessary.